Sunday, June 24, 2007

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28 cobalt ← nickel → copper
-
↑
Ni
↓
Pd
Keterangan Umum Unsur
Nama, Lambang, Nomor atom nickel, Ni, 28
Seri kimia transition metals
Golongan, Periode, Blok 10, 4, d
Penampilan lustrous, metallic
Massa atom 58.6934(2) g/mol
Konfigurasi elektron [Ar] 3d8 4s2
Jumlah elektron tiap kulit 2, 8, 16, 2
Ciri-ciri fisik
Fase solid
Massa jenis (sekitar suhu kamar) 8.908 g/cm³
Massa jenis cair pada titik lebur 7.81 g/cm³
Titik lebur 1728 K
(1455 °C, 2651 °F)
Titik didih 3186 K
(2913 °C, 5275 °F)
Kalor peleburan 17.48 kJ/mol
Kalor penguapan 377.5 kJ/mol
Kapasitas kalor (25 °C) 26.07 J/(mol·K)
Tekanan uap
P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
pada T/K 1783 1950 2154 2410 2741 3184
Ciri-ciri atom
Struktur kristal cubic face centered
Bilangan oksidasi 2, 3
(mildly basic oxide)
Elektronegativitas 1.91 (skala Pauling)
Energi ionisasi
(detil)		 ke-1: 737.1 kJ/mol
ke-2: 1753.0 kJ/mol
ke-3: 3395 kJ/mol
Jari-jari atom 135 pm
Jari-jari atom (terhitung) 149 pm
Jari-jari kovalen 121 pm
Jari-jari Van der Waals 163 pm
Lain-lain
Sifat magnetik ferromagnetic
Resistivitas listrik (20 °C) 69.3 nΩ·m
Konduktivitas termal (300 K) 90.9 W/(m·K)
Ekspansi termal (25 °C) 13.4 µm/(m·K)
Kecepatan suara
(pada wujud kawat)		 (suhu kamar) 4900 m/s
Modulus Young 200 GPa
Modulus rigiditas 76 GPa
Modulus ruah 180 GPa
Nisbah Poisson 0.31
Skala kekerasan Mohs 4.0
Kekerasan Vickers 638 MPa
Kekerasan Brinell 700 MPa
Nomor CAS 7440-02-0
Isotop
iso NA waktu paruh DM DE (MeV) DP
56Ni syn 6.075 d ε - 56Co
γ 0.158, 0.811 -
58Ni 68.077% Ni stabil dengan 30 neutron
59Ni syn 76000 y ε - 59Co
60Ni 26.233% Ni stabil dengan 32 neutron
61Ni 1.14% Ni stabil dengan 33 neutron
62Ni 3.634% Ni stabil dengan 34 neutron
63Ni syn 100.1 y β- 0.0669 63Cu
64Ni 0.926% Ni stabil dengan 36 neutron
Referensi

Nickel adalah unsur kimia metalik dalam tabel periodik yang memiliki simbol Ni dan nomor atom 28.

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