Niquèl www.tool-tool.com

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28 cobalt ← niquèl → coire - ↑ Ni ↓ Pd
Generalitats
Nom, Simbòl, Numero	niquèl, Ni, 28
Tièra quimica	metals de transicion
Grop, Periòde, Blòc	10, 4, d
Aparéncia	lustrous, metallic
Massa atomica	58.6934(2) g/mol
Configuracion electronica	[Ar] 3d8 4s2
Electrons per nivèl energetic	2, 8, 16, 2
Proprietats fisicas
Fasa	solid
Densitat (temperatura ambienta)	8.908 g/cm³
Densitat liquida al punt de fusion	7.81 g/cm³
Punt de fusion	1728 K (1455 °C, 2651 °F)
Punt d'ebullicion	3186 K (2913 °C, 5275 °F)
Calor de fusion	17.48 kJ/mol
Calor de vaporizacion	377.5 kJ/mol
Capacitat calorifica	(25 °C) 26.07 J/(mol·K)
Pression de vapor P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k a T/K 1783 1950 2154 2410 2741 3184
Proprietats atomicas
Estructura cristallina	cubica de fàcia centrada
Estat d'oxidacion	2, 3 (oxid leugièrament basic)
Electronegativitat	1.91 (Escala de Pauling)
Potencials d'ionizacion (mai)	1èr : 737.1 kJ/mol
	2nd : 1753.0 kJ/mol
	3en : 3395 kJ/mol
Rai atomic	135 pm
Rai atomic calculat	149 pm
Rai covalent	121 pm
Rai de Van der Waals	163 pm
Informacions divèrsas
Magnetisme	ferromagnetic
Resistivitat electrica	(20 °C) 69.3 nΩ·m
Conductivitat termica	(300 K) 90.9 W/(m·K)
Dilatacion termica	(25 °C) 13.4 µm/(m·K)
Velocitat del son	(a temperatura ambienta) 4900 m/s
Modul de Young	200 GPa
Shear modulus	76 GPa
Modul de Bulk	180 GPa
Coeficient de Poisson	0.31
Duretat de Mohs	4.0
Vickers hardness	638 MPa
Duretat de Brinell	700 MPa
Numèro CAS	7440-02-0
Isotòps mai estables
Article : Isotòps del (de l') niquèl iso NA Mièja vida MD ED (MeV) PD 56Ni syn 6.077 d ε - 56Co γ 0.158, 0.811 - 58Ni 68.077% Ni es estable amb 30 neutrons 59Ni syn 76000 y ε - 59Co 60Ni 26.233% Ni es estable amb 32 neutrons 61Ni 1.14% Ni es estable amb 33 neutrons 62Ni 3.634% Ni es estable amb 34 neutrons 63Ni syn 100.1 y β- 0.0669 63Cu 64Ni 0.926% Ni es estable amb 36 neutrons

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