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Siliciul este un element chimic din grupa a IV-a a tabelului periodic al elementelor.

[modifică] Caracteristici

• Simbol chimic: Si
• Număr atomic: 14
• Masă atomică: 28.08 g/mol
• Densitate, (la 20°C): 2,33 g/cm³ , (puţin inferioară titanului)
• Electronegativitate (pe scala Pauling): 1.9
• Punct de topire: 1.414 °C
• Punct de fierbere: 3.265 °C
• Stare: solidă
• Culoare: gri deschis

[modifică] Istoric

Siliciul a fost prima dată identificat de Antoine Lavoisier în anul 1787.

[modifică] Răspândire

Siliciul este foarte răspândit în natură, sub formă de cuarţ (SiO₂), masa sa alcătuind 27,5 % din cea a scoarţei Pământului. Este al doilea element ca răspândire pe Pământ, după oxigen.

[modifică] Utilizare

Siliciul este folosit ca materie primă în construcţia dispozitivelor semiconductoare şi în fabricarea celulelor solare

[modifică] Vezi şi

• Tabelul periodic al elementelor
• Lista elementelor chimice după nume
• Pneumoconioze

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