Sunday, August 05, 2007

如何改善化学镀镍层的耐蚀性能?www.tool-tool.com

Bewise Inc. www.tool-tool.com Reference source from the internet.

化学镀镍层虽然具有比较强的耐蚀性,但在实际生产中,由于工艺等原因,有时也不能完全达到应有的理想性能。所以我们更加关心如何去提高或保证它的耐蚀性能。影响化学镀镍性能的因素不外乎基材质量、前处理、镀液、工艺、后处理及各个工序之间的检查。

  基体质量 这是镀层持量的基本保证,但往往被人们忽视。镀前必须了解工件材料的成分、状态、冶金质量及加工成型的过程,不适当的加工会造成应力、微裂纹。工件上不应有折叠、焊屑、毛刺、孔洞及砂眼等缺陷。钢中的夹杂物,尤其是硫化物,不仅影响镀层的耐蚀性,还会毒化镀液;

  镀前处理 基材上原有的润滑油或 缓蚀剂是很难清洗净的,处理不好不仅会降低镀层结合力,还会产生针孔而降低耐蚀性。除化学清洗法外,碳钢基材常推荐使用电解清洗法,但这种清洗方法明显地 影响镀层的耐蚀性。例如在碱性介质中阳极清洗会啬镀层孔隙率;阴极清洗虽然孔隙率低,但又可能引起氢脆。用碱性除锈剂,若换向周期性地反复清洗,即在 85℃浸泡10分钟、再阳极清洗2分钟,效果不如浸泡后改用阴极清洗更耐蚀。活化时铁基体如用盐酸活化会使腐蚀率上升,如果以稀硫酸活化效果就好一些,且 时间越短越好。活化液中绝对不能用缓蚀剂。基材中含铅将使镀层出现微孔、降低结合力,还毒化镀液。这类基材不宜用硫酸活化,以25%HBF4为宜,先闪镀一下也可。

  镀后处理 化 学镀镍的后处理不外乎加热除氢、提高硬度改善耐磨性或改善结合力, 或进一步处理以提高耐蚀性。镀后需要处理的镀层只占总镀层的一小部分。试验表明200℃加热一小时的热处理方法还有益于改善镀层的耐点蚀能力。低温短时间 加热去除了氢,还继续保持镀层的非晶结构,同时,发生了最大的弛豫,使其体积缩小、密度增加、孔隙率下降。铬酸盐封闭处理是提高化学镀镍层抗变色能力、延 长耐盐雾试验时间及耐蚀性能的一种最简单而有效的方法。


BW Bewise Inc. Willy Chen willy@tool-tool.com bw@tool-tool.com www.tool-tool.com skype:willy_chen_bw mobile:0937-618-190 Head &Administration Office No.13,Shiang Shang 2nd St., West Chiu Taichung,Taiwan 40356 TEL:+886 4 24710048 / FAX:+886 4 2471 4839 N.Branch 5F,No.460,Fu Shin North Rd.,Taipei,Taiwan S.Branch No.24,Sec.1,Chia Pu East Rd.,Taipao City,Chiayi Hsien,Taiwan

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